Broach



.|. OAKLEY.

BROACH. APPLICATI'ON FILED JUNE l0. i920.

Patented Jam 18,1921.

Nl INVENTOR.

ATTnRNEY.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.'

JOHN OAKLEY, or srnrnerrnnn, ivressacmefsntrfrs,

BROACI-I.

To all whom t may concern Be it known .that I, J oHN OAKLEY, a subject ol" the King et England, residing at tlpringiield, in the county et Hampden and State of ltliassachmsetts, have invented a new and useful Breach, of which the tollowing is a specification. n y

My invention relates to improvements in breaches having inset teeth, and resides in a construction wherein supporting means are provided in the shank lor the teeth, which means are supported from the shank itselh, together with such other parts and members` as may be necessary er desirable in order te make the breach complete and render it serviceable in every respect, all as hereinafter set forth.

The advantages oit constructing a breach 'with teeth that may be removed to be reground when dull, or replaced when broken, are well understood, but there has been eX- perienced considerable ditiiculty in support-y ing such teeth in and uniting1 them with their shank, or theshank et the breach, in such a manner as to insure to them the nec essary rigidityand exact alinement, without which it is impossible to de accu ate work with the breach. The primary object et my invention is, therefore, to provide a breach having separable or removable teeth with means whereby and-wherewith such teeth are held securely in perfect alinement in the shank. The means which I employ yiorthis purpose is simple, inexpensive, and convenient. l y

Another object is to attord means, in a breach ei the type specilied, whereby remew able teeth which are all of the same length, and incidentally ot the same site and shape, may be used successfully. This feature renders the teeth interchangeable1 which is, et course, a great advantage economically inasmuch as the teeth can be made in large quantities at a comparatively small expense, and whenever one is breken er otherwise rendered useless its replacement is a very simple matter indeed. v

Other objects and advantages will appear in the course ot the following description.

I attain the objects and secure the advantages of my invention by the means illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure .l is a top plan of central portion of the same a breach, the being broken Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented aan. 1s, 1921.

Application filed lune l5, 192e. `Serial No. 387,985.

out, which embodies a practical form of my invention; Fig. 2, a side elevation in partial section, with the central portion. broken out, et said breach; Fig. 3, a cross section through the breach, taken in -front et the rearmost tooth andlooking toward the left or rear; Fig. 4., a similar cross section through a breach which differs slightly in construction from the first; Fig.A 5, a similar cross section showing still another modification; Fig. (La similar cross section showing a third modification, and, Fig, 7, a rear-end elevation el a breach which is chamtered at the bottom to form the longitudinal, chipclearance passage.

Similar `reference Vnumerals designate similar parts throughout `theseveral views.

Referring first te the breach illustrated in Figs; l, 2, and 3,1it will be :observed that the same `comprises. a shank 1, a plurality of teeth 2, and upper and under, longitudinal abutment bars 3 in said shank on one side of said teeth.

The shank l is provided as usual with a .screw-.threaded puller-head 4L at the ferward terminal, and has therein a longitudi nal, "chip-clearance passage 5, and oblique passages 6 to receive the teeth 2 and ferm transverse, chipsclearance passages. The passages G incline upwardly and forwardly tremthe passage 5, and open through the top ofthe shank l.

`Each tooth 2 is made of round stock in cross section, which is slabbed off -on the front iace and en ftop to form the `cutting edges of such teeth, and also slabbed ofi' on what may be termed the side iace, which is theface that in this example bears against the bars or abutments 3.

The bars 3 are set into the shank 1 be hind the teeth 2. being received in upper and lower, longitudinal recesses er slots 7 and il, respectively, in said shank. y The slot 7 opens through the top et' the shank l, se that the upper bar 3, is insertedin the slet tromabeve, and the passages 6 open into said slet in the absence el said bar, thus enabling the teeth `2 to bear with their flat, side 'faces against the bar, when the latter is in place. .And the slot S is really continuation er enlargement ot the passage 5, so that the under bar 3 is inserted in said slot from the bottom. and the passages 6 also open into this slot, in the absence of said bar,so that the teeth 2 can bear Cit ieaoea mention has been made the Fig. 5 construction is similar tothat shown in the tirs three views. i

In Fig. 4:, a single abutment bar 3 is provided, and the sides of the passages 6 are utilized in place of a second abutment bar. The bar 3 herein appearing is above, while the abutment below such bar for each tooth is 'formed by the shank itself. A rectangular tooth 20 in cross section is used in this case. It is immaterial, so tar as the present invention is concerned, whether the tdeth 2 or the teeth 2O be used in any of the examples illustrated in connection herewith.

Instead of the clearance spaces 9, which are provided in each el' the other two exam ples, a clearance space 18 is here provided 'for each tooth and is in the tooth itself. The space 18 permits only the lower part of the tooth 20 to contact with the side of the slet 6 in which said tooth is located, so that the latter is permitted to obtain a good bearing en the bar 3, when forced rearwardly by its screw 12. Frequently the single bar, together with the abutment afforded by the shank below said bar, will be found Sullicient to retain the teeth in perfect alinement.

The tooth 2O is slabbed oli on both sides adjacent to its lateral, cutting edge, but this is a detail et construction which has no particular bearing on the invention.

The Fig. 6 construction differs from the Fig. l1 construction in substantially the same manner in which the Fig. 5 construction dit i'ers from the I'irst construction. In the Fig. 6 construction there is an abutment member 3 on each side oit the tooth 20, said abutment members are supplemented by both sides of the passage 6 in each case, and screws 12 are alternately arranged as inthe Fig. 5 construction. Instead of there 'being a clearance space, as 18, in each tooth 20 in this case, there is a clearance space 19 each side oit such tooth, such spaces being wedge shape or converging at the bottom to form the lower bearings or abutments for the teeth.

The bars 3, in F igs. 4 and 6, are held in place by means oi the screws 10, although they might be secured by peening, and so also might the bars in the lirst construction.

Instead el the passage 5 being in the form oi a slot in the under side ot the shank 1 or which opens through one side of said shank, the corresponding side et thenshank may be chami'ered, as shown at 21 in Fig. 7. rIhe chamfered part 21 of the shank 1 forms with the bore in the work the longitudinal, clearance passage for the chips, which passage to all intents and purposes is the same as the passage 5.

These breaches operate in substantially the same manner as de other breaches designed Afor a similar purpose. The chips cut by the teeth pass down in 'trent of said teeth i through the passages 6 inte the passage 5, and escape at the rear end oi said last-named l'iassage.`

`More or less change in matters of shape, size, construction, and arrangement, oit' some or all oit' the parts ot the breach, in addition to those which have been particularly peint` ed out, may be made without departing lrom the spirit of my invention, or exceeding the scope oi what is claimed.

What I claim as my invention, and desire te secure by Letters Patent, is-` 1. The combination, in a breach, with a shank having tooth-receiving passages therein, and provided with separate abutment means, of a plurality el teeth receivable in said passages, and means te force said teeth against said abutment means.

2. The combination, in a breach, with a shank having a longitudinal chip-clearance passage and transverse tooth-receiving and chipclearance passages therein, and provided with separate abutment means, of a plurality oit' teeth. in said transverse pas sages, and means to force said teeth against said abutment means.

3. The combination, in abroach, with a shank having teotlnreceiving passages there in, and an abutment bar secured to said `shank along one side olf said passages, of a plurality of teeth receivable in said passages, and means to force said teeth against said bar.

4;. The combination, in a breach, with a. shank having tooth-receiving passages therein, an abutment bar receivable in said shank along one side of said passages, and means to secure said bar to said shank, oi a plurality et' teeth receivable in said passages, and means to 'lerce said teeth against said bar.

5. The combination, in a breach, with a shank having tooth-receiving passages therein, and provided with an abutment bar which is located along one side of said passages, of a plurality of teeth receivable in said passages, and means to torce said teeth against said bar, clearance spaces being left between said teeth and said shank adjacent Y to said bar.

6. The combination, in a breach, with a shank having tooth-receiving passages therein, and provided with separate abutment means, et a plurality et teeth in said pas sages, and screws tapped into said shank to force said teeth against said abutment means.

7. The combination, in a breach, with a shank having tootlrreceiving passages therein, and provided with abutment bars receivable in said shank from opposite directions, and extending along one side of said passages, oi' a plurality et teeth in said passages, and means to force said teeth against said bars, there being a clearance space between said teeth and said shankv adjacent to said hars. i

8. The combination, in a broaeh, with a shank havingl tooth-receiving passages there` in, upper and under abutment harslocat'ed in saidV shank on both 'sidesoi" said passages, and inea-ns to seeiue salid'hars to said shank, of a plui'ality of teeth receivable in said passages7 and means to force said teeth alternately and from opposite sides against said hars. v

9. The combina-tion, in a hroach, with a shank having theiein a longitudinal passage which opens through one side of the shank, and' lateral tooth-receiving passages which open at one end into said first-named passage,vand at the other end through the op posite side oil the shank, andI of teeth re* ceivahle in said lateral passages, said teeth being)` all of the same length, and means to 20 secure said teeth in place in said passages.

JOHN OAKLEY.

Titnesses FQA. CUTTER, ARTHUR A. BETH. 

